Astronomical research is the study of celestial objects and phenomena beyond Earth's atmosphere. Astronomers use a variety of techniques such as telescopes, satellites, and computer models to observe and analyze objects like stars, galaxies, planets, and black holes. This research seeks to understand the origins, structures, and evolution of the universe, as well as phenomena like supernovae, gamma-ray bursts, and dark matter. Astronomical research also explores the possibility of extraterrestrial life and the potential for human space exploration.